Revisiting the Days...

Posted by Billy Christopher Maupin

I was just revisiting two of the questionnaires that have been posted this season and since Ms. Louis and Ms. Roop are currently appearing on the boards in Barksdale's hit production of Doubt: a Parable, I thought I might relink them for your reading pleasure!

Katherine Louis, now turning in a show-stopping cameo performance as Mrs. Muller, came by and offered her thoughts in the fall when she was working on our season opener, The Member of the Wedding. You can revisit her post here.

Maggie Roop, who provides a beautifully honest portrayal of the young nun, Sister James, answered the questionnaire more recently as she was dazzling audiences in the ensemble of Theatre IV's production of Rumpelstiltskin's Daughter, while SIMULTANEOUSLY rehearsing for her current performance in Doubt: a Parable. The bulk of her questionnaire can be viewed here on the Theatre IV blog (as well as her talking about working on both productions), but there were a couple of answers that seemed just a bit too racy for The Children's Theatre of Virginia, so the rest of her questionnaire can be viewed here on the Barksdale Buzz.

Enjoy revisiting!

Oh, ALSO, Mary Burruss has a nice post on the Richmond VA Theatre blog that is primarily about Doubt. You can see that here.

Thoughts on Offending the Audience - Intro

Posted by Bruce Miller

I don’t enjoy offending people. Honestly I don’t. The graphic to the right, I've been told, is borrowed from boy's lacrosse. It's a signal that relates to "offensive screening." It was mailed to me by an audience member who wanted to remind me that what I do is potentially offensive.

I value this signal. I also increasingly buy into that old saw that says if you’re not making somebody mad, you must not be doing it right.

Offending someone is, of course, not the same thing as boring someone. Two of my favorite productions at Barksdale (The Crucible by Arthur Miller and The Lark by Jean Anouilh, adapted by Lillian Hellman) bored some members of our audience. I directed both productions.

Both plays relate to history (the Salem witch trials and the McCarthy era in the case of The Crucible, the Joan of Arc story and the McCarthy era in the case of The Lark). Both plays are politicized (we’re talking Arthur Miller and Lillian Hellman after all). Both plays are narrative and language-heavy, written by playwrights who thrive on polemics, unapologetically requiring audience members to care about the issues the playwrights care about. Both plays are long by 21st century standards—The Coast of Utopia notwithstanding.

I love(d) both plays and both productions. And I know lots of other people who do (did) too. But on different nights during the runs of both shows I found myself sitting next to John Q Public audience members who fell asleep about ten minutes into Act I, clearly bored out of their minds.

Offending someone is, of course, not the same thing as confusing someone. The Lark confused some people in addition to boring them—two, two, two mints in one. Two other personal favorites at Barksdale (James Joyce’s The Dead, written by Richard Nelson with music by Shaun Davey, and The Member of the Wedding by Carson McCullers) confused some members of our audience as well. The remarkably talented Steve Perigard and Scott Wichmann (does Richmond know how lucky it is to have these guys?), respectively, directed those two productions. They directed them beautifully.

The Lark is character and theme-driven; The Dead and The Member are both character and language-driven. Unlike most dramatic literature, these three plays are not particularly plot-driven. Take away a strong linear plot, and some people feel lost. “What the hell was that all about?” was a question I heard more than once after each of these three shows.

To me, these plays were “about” a hundred things, and I felt emotionally richer for having seen them. Again, I know lots of other people who also loved these productions.

Offending someone can be the same thing as challenging someone. Personally, I like my beliefs, feelings and thoughts to be challenged. More to the point, I need my deeply held convictions to be challenged. Unless and until they are tested, how do I know what I really value and hold dear?

But many people have different brain chemistry, I know. The minute you challenge one of their beliefs, they perceive you are heaping contempt on their innermost selves. This is never our intention. Nonetheless, they are offended.

There are scores of ways to offend audience members, but over the years it seems to me that we’ve offended people in three main arenas: language, race and sex. What different people find to be offensive interests me. And since this season seems to be offending its fair share, and, come Little Dog Laughed, promises to offend lots more, I figure now’s a good time to discuss these issues.

Part of the value of this discussion will be to organize and clarify my own thoughts. An equally important part will be to ask for and welcome your opinions.

So plug in your offendometers (I pronounce it with the emphasis on the third syllable) and get ready to rumble. Coming soon – language!

--Bruce Miller

Rambling Thoughts on a Running Theme

Posted by Bruce Miller

The playwrights from this year’s Signature Season are a somewhat diverse lot, but there’s a common thread that ties several of them together.

The late Carson McCullers (The Member of the Wedding) wrote with the distinctive voice of a young woman reared in a small Southern town during the 1930s and 40s. Ron Hutchinson (Moonlight and Magnolias) is an Irish-born playwright who came to fame in England and now lives in LA, working predominantly for the film industry.

John Patrick Shanley (Doubt, pictured to the left) is a former Marine who was raised in the Bronx. His writing has earned him an Oscar (Moonstruck), a Tony Award and the Pulitzer Prize (Doubt). Douglas Carter Beane (The Little Dog Laughed) is a gay playwright who grew up in rural Pennsylvania, and wrote the libretto for the current Broadway musical Xanadu, a re-make of the 1970s cult film. Beane is currently writing the libretto for the upcoming stage musical remake of The Band Wagon, now re-titled Dancing in the Dark.

Our summer musical, the great American classic Guys and Dolls, features music and lyrics by Frank Loesser (pictured to the right) and a book by Jo Swerling and Abe Burrows. Frank Loesser, born in 1910 in NYC, also wrote Where’s Charley? (produced by Barksdale in 2003), The Most Happy Fella, How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying, and the songs "Praise the Lord and Pass the Ammunition" and "I Don’t Want to Walk Without You" (currently heard in Swingtime Canteen) and "Baby, It’s Cold Outside" (recently heard in our Holiday Cabaret).

Jo Swerling (co-author of the Guys book) was born in Russia in 1897 and, as a child, fled the Czarist regime with his family, arriving in New York’s lower East Side via Ellis Island. Before working on Guys and Dolls in the late 40s, he was called to Hollywood by Frank Capra, where he helped to “polish” the screenplays of both It’s a Wonderful Life (recently produced as a radio drama by Barksdale’s Bifocals Theatre Project) and Gone With the Wind (the re-screenwriting of which is the subject of Moonlight and Magnolias).

Abe Burrows (the other co-writer of the Guys book, pictured to the left) was a renowned radio writer and comedic performer, who went on to serve as “script doctor” for numerous Broadway and radio shows. Interestingly, Abe Burrows is also the father of James Burrows, the legendary television director of The Mary Tyler Moore Show and co-creator of Cheers.

As Moonlight continues its laugh-a-minute run at Barksdale Willow Lawn (I saw it again last night and it was GREAT), it’s interesting to follow the theme of the un-credited “script doctor” and re-write artist. In Moonlight, Ben Hecht, played by Scott Wichmann, is brought in to rewrite the screenplay for Gone With the Wind. Moonlight playwright Ron Hutchinson (pictured below and to the right) earns a very lucrative living doing the same thing today.

Discussing the movie industry, Hutchinson writes, “Now, as back then, in the last weeks, days and hours before shooting, there’s a mad scramble to finally get the script right. That’s where guys like Ben Hecht came in then and where guys like me come in today. In 25 years as a rewrite man, I’ve been parachuted into movie locations in places such as Morocco, Mexico, Australia, South Africa and really bizarre places such as Burbank.”

Carson McCullers (pictured to the left) has always given credit to her principal “script doctor,” fellow Southerner Tennessee Williams. Douglas Carter Beane (pictured below and to the right) is becoming somewhat of a specialist in rewriting the librettos of vintage movie musicals for contemporary Broadway audiences. And his real-life experience in which unnamed “script doctors” transformed the lead character from gay to straight in the Hollywood adaptation of his Off Broadway hit, As Bees in Honey Drown, inspired the comic story he tells in The Little Dog Laughed.

Both Jo Swerling and Abe Burrows were considered among the foremost “script doctors” working to polish other author’s work in both Hollywood and New York in the 40s through the 70s. In Deathtrap, produced by Barksdale at Hanover Tavern earlier this fall, the lead character of Sidney Bruhl offers to serve as a “script doctor” for a young playwright, citing the fact that George S. Kaufman (pictured to the left) served as his “script doctor” when he was polishing his first play. In his memoirs, Abe Burrows credited his success in the theatre to his work under George S. Kaufman, director of Guys and Dolls.

For many years, the expression, “Get me Abe Burrows!” remained Broadway shorthand for “this script is awful and needs an emergency rewrite.” Burrows himself downplayed his “script doctor” role in his memoirs. “I have... performed surgery on a few shows, but not as many as I'm given credit for. I've been involved in 19 theatrical productions, plus their road company offshoots. Only a few of these have been surgical patients. And I don't usually talk about them. I feel that a fellow who doctors a show should have the same ethical approcah that a plastic surgeon has. It wouldn't be very nice if a plastic surgeon were walking down the street with you, and a beautiful girl approached. And you say, "What a beautiful girl." And the plastic surgeon says, "She was a patient of mine. You should have seen her before I fixed her nose."

Of all our playwrights this season, John Patrick Shanley seems to be the only one who has little to no experience rewriting the scripts of others and/or putting up with others who are brought in to rewrite his work. Long may he wave.

--Bruce Miller

Lustig

Posted by Billy Christopher Maupin So I just got back from the Byrd Theatre (wait, wait, wait...don't hurt me for blogging about film on the live theatre blog just yet) where they were screening a short film called Lustig, which was filmed in Richmond.

I was told Lustig is a "Holocaust film." I don't know that that label really gives you an idea of what you're in for. The majority of the film takes place a year after the war has ended and all of the camps have been liberated. The rest of the story we see and hear in flashbacks. It is an absolutely stunning film.

I hear that it has been/will be submitted to the Sundance and Tribeca Film Festivals, so you may have a chance to check it out and see it elsewhere. But just in case, you can contact them through their website.

Oh, my point...and I do have one (Ellen...anybody?)...is that Eric Evans is in the film. Eric Evans who is currently featured in Theatre IV's production of A Christmas Story (running through next Sunday, selling out, buy your tickets today by calling the box office at 344-8040 or visit the Theatre IV website)! Eric also appeared in Barksdale Theatre's production of Carson McCuller's The Member of the Wedding and in Theatre IV's production of The Wizard of Oz. (Busy guy.) AND, he was also in 365Days/365Plays by Suzan-Lori Parks produced by Barksdale Theatre, in association with K Dance.

Eric plays the boy whose father died in the last days of the war. His reaction to the news of his father's death is heartbreaking. An incredibly talented actor, this guy. If you get a chance, you should check out his work in Lustig, A Christmas Story, or any time he's on the boards. He's definitely one to look out for.

Also, the Byrd Theatre Foundation is going to be showing a locally produced film at least once a month starting in January. It's so exciting to see the arts scene in Richmond continue to grow!

Playing to a Diverse Audience

Posted by Bruce Miller

For the last couple of decades, we’ve all talked a lot about the desirability of performing for a diverse audience. In many instances, what we have meant by a “diverse audience” is one that includes a greater racial and ethnic mix. This worthy and important goal is always a major component of our planning at Barksdale and Theatre IV.

There are also other ways to build diversity. At Barksdale, we work hard to achieve economic diversity. Our many discount and needs-based ticket programs are centered on our refusal to allow lack of funds to be a roadblock to anyone who’d like to see one of our shows. We have never and will never turn anyone away based on their inability to pay.

We also have developed initiatives to increase age diversity. Barksdale Theatre Workshop consists of several efforts meant to connect us with high school and university drama enthusiasts. The Bifocals Theatre Project is a popular program designed to maintain and increase the loyalty of our senior audience. Contemporary plays like The Little Dog Laughed, Brooklyn Boy, Melissa Arctic, 5th of July, etc. have been selected each year specifically to encourage more participation from audience members in their 20s, 30s and 40s.

When considering the many ways in which an audience can include diverse individuals, one should not overlook that dividing line that separates those who experience theatre as an art form from those who appreciate theatre purely as entertainment. If you are trying to attract a relatively large audience in Richmond—and make no mistake, that's exactly what Barksdale is trying to do—you will most likely find yourself trying to appeal to both camps.

Our budgets rely on selling six to ten thousand tickets to each production. Looking at the big picture, Barksdale and Theatre IV need to sell $70,000 worth of tickets and tour shows every week in order to make ends meet. When performing for audiences of this size, we know that some ticket buyers will come with a sophisticated and knowledgeable approach to theatre, and others will come for a night on the town.

Yes, I know of the instances when great art and great entertainment are found in the same show. Those are the plays and productions we cherish and cheer. I also know of the great many plays that are more likely to appeal to the “challenge and thrill me” crowd than to their “show me a good time but don’t make me think” brothers. And vise versa.

My recent blog post about the Broadway stagehands strike made me consider anew the diversity of the audience we are building. One commenter clearly felt that it was not necessary or appropriate for me to “explain” the strike negotiations because he/she and his/her peers were “already following the news.” A couple subsequent commenters supported my efforts to report on the labor dispute, admitting that they relied on the Barksdale blog to fill them in because they made few efforts to keep up with national theatre news through other outlets.

Within the Barksdale family, we're proud to have both those who take theatre seriously and those who want to have some serious fun. We welcome and try to program to both perspectives.

Amy Berlin (pictured to the left with one-time writing partner P. Ann Bucci) rightly called me to task months ago when I awkwardly compared Barksdale’s mission to produce “the great comedies, dramas and musicals—past, present and future” to the missions of Greater Richmond’s other theatres. I don’t want to make the same mistake again.

So, without comparing any one theatre to another, I’ll simply state how proud I am that Barksdale produces plays on our Signature Season at Willow Lawn as important, diverse and artistically satisfying as The Constant Wife by Somerset Maugham; Mame by Jerry Herman, Lawrence and Lee; Brooklyn Boy by Donald Margulies; Intimate Apparel by Lynn Nottage (pictured above with Adanma Onyedike and Katrinah Carol Lewis); Into the Woods by Sondheim and Lapine; The Member of the Wedding by Carson McCullers; Moonlight and Magnolias by Ron Hutchinson; Doubt: A Parable by John Patrick Shanley; The Little Dog Laughed by Douglas Carter Beane; and Guys and Dolls by Frank Loesser.

And for those who want lighter fare, we offer our more commercial County Playhouse Season at Hanover Tavern—our “Pops Series,” if you like to use symphony nomenclature.

In coming blog posts, I’m going to give some thought to the various institutional pros and cons of trying to appeal simultaneously to those who are arts savvy and those who are entertainment enthusiasts. As always, I encourage your thoughts as well.

--Bruce Miller

Three Theatres - Three Times the Fun

Posted by John Steils

I'm just getting used to my new Barksdale and Theatre IV home. Or I guess I should say "homes." I arrived in September after a year-long internship with a single-theatre company in the mid-West, and I was glad to discover that I now had three theatres to explore.

My first exposure was to the historic Empire and it was love at first sight. What a magnificent performance facility. One step inside the door and you feel like you're in a Broadway house that's been transported to Broad Street. As Virginia's oldest theatre, the Empire is one of Richmond's greatest treasures. I loved Stuart Little (I've never seen an actor and puppet become "one" more than David Janeski and young Stuart), and I can't wait for A Christmas Story, Rumpelstiltskin's Daughter, Peter Pan and Guys and Dolls!

I'm reading all the hoopla in the Times-Dispatch about restoring the Carpenter Center. I won't pretend to understand it all, but apparently it's been a crazy ride. That makes me all the more impressed that throughout the last 20 years Theatre IV has owned, restored and maintained the landmark Empire without, I'm told, so much as a paragraph of controversy.

As much as the Empire is a treasure, Barksdale's Willow Lawn home is a jewel. Tom McGranahan--a treasure himself--told me that he used to work in that exact area when he was a Procter & Gamble sales rep and the vast second-floor space that is now an attractive theatre was then a storeroom for the five-and-dime.

The Barksdalians (Barksdalers?) who were responsible for the design and execution of this transformation did an amazing job. I went to see The Member of the Wedding and couldn't have loved it more. It's a perfect, intimate theatre. From the outside, you think it's going to be this tiny shoebox of a space. But then you go up the stairs and enter this huge lobby and fully equipped 204-seat theatre. It's an ideal home for those of us who like to see every expression and hear every word.

I was picking up some fliers from the development office two days ago, and walked into the theatre expecting to revisit the beautiful set for The Member of the Wedding. Instead, it was like entering a jungle. Bruce Rennie, Matt Landwehr, Derek Dumais and Joe Bock were in the middle of the new light hang for Moonlight and Magnolias, and they had disconnected all the lights so that they could re-position and re-connect them to match Lynne Hartman's light design for M & M. Light cables--I think they called them "pigtails"--were dangling down from hundreds of unconnected instruments, making it seem like a small battalion of carnivorous vines (or snakes, being the day before Halloween) was getting ready to attack from the ceiling above the stage.

My first visit to Hanover Tavern was for Deathtrap, so I think I'll always be a little frightened if I have to go out there by myself. When the lighting flashed at the end of Act II, revealing that freaky cigar store Indian that stood at the foot of the stairs, I thought I was seeing a ghost. Jeannie Kilgore told me that Muriel used to swear there was a ghost in the Tavern. Now that Halloween has come and gone, I'll be brave enough to find out more.

If you haven't purchased your tickets yet for A Christmas Story at the Empire (you remember that movie with the leg lamp?), Moonlight and Magnolias at Willow Lawn (a hilarious backstage story about the making of Gone with the Wind), or Swingtime Canteen at the Tavern (a recreation of an actual USO show from the early 40s), please call today.

Whichever show and whichever theatre you choose, you're sure to have a great time! And you'll be doing your part to keep professional theatre in Richmond alive and well.

--John Steils

Fond Farewells to Fantastic Fall Fare

Posted by Phil Whiteway

I can’t believe we’ve already closed the curtains on the first three mainstage shows of our 2007-08 seasons. Wasn’t Labor Day just last week? Time flies when your audiences are having fun. (Special thanks to iweiss.com for letting us borrow the interactive graphic. Please visit them for all your theatre supply needs.)

The first show to take its final bows was Stuart Little at the historic Empire Theatre, followed about an hour later by Deathtrap at Hanover Tavern. We bid adieu to both of these crowd-pleasers on Sunday, October 21. I attended the last Stuart performance (it was great!) and then hustled out to Hanover to join Bruce in raising a glass to our wonderful and talented Deathtrap cast and crew (pictured above and to the right) at their closing festivities.

This past Sunday, October 28, it was time to make my famous chili for the wedding reception--The Member of the Wedding, that is. And I actually remembered to bring my camera this time.

Gathered around the groaning board (as Nancy Kilgore's portrait sings a supportive tune) are (left to right) cast members Joe Pabst, Carl Calabrese, Lexi Langs (arm only), Katy Burke, Erin Kate Bradner, David Bridgewater, Katherine Louis (holding her beloved grandbaby), and Eric Evans in the red t-shirt.

To the left, our brilliant and beautiful Berenice Sadie Brown (Katherine Louis) beams in the embrace of her two biggest fans - her equally beautiful daughter and granddaughter. Quoting from Crowns, her last Barksdale show, Katherine called to everyone's attention the way her granddaughter was "workin' that hat."

In the photo to the right, our stage manager Bo Wilson sneaks a hug with our other leading lady, 13-year-old Lexi Langs, with Pete Kilgore's portrait keeping a watchful eye. Joe Pabst (standing to the right of the photo) filled in as Lexi's stage father for the last two weeks of the run, and was a perfect stand-in for Dave Bridgewater, who had been called south for two weeks for some film work. Dave's movie schedule allowed him to come back to town on Sunday so that he could see the show from out front.

Lexi's real-life mom, who lived with Lexi for nine weeks in the comfortable company housing provided by our good friends at Studio Plus Deluxe Studios, smiles for the camera with Jill Bari Steinberg, Lexi's on-stage aunt.

The man of the hour was our Wedding director, Scott Wichmann, (standing to the left in the photo below and to the right) who is not only a gifted theatre artist but also, clearly, a connoisseur of great chili. A quick plug--Scotty, Joe Pabst and Dave Bridgewater joined co-star Joy Williams and director Steve Perigard yesterday to begin rehearsals for the next show in Barksdale's Signature Season at Willow Lawn, Moonlight and Magnolias, a hilarious comedy about the making of Gone with the Wind.

And please note the two stellar theatre talents located just behind Scotty's stage right shoulder. As is so frequently the case, they are in dim lights and in the background. But they are invaluable members of the Barksdale family and add immeasurably to the success of our productions. They are Renee Jones (wardrobe chief and dresser to the stars) and Linwood Guyton (light board operator extraordinaire).

Many, many thanks to all the terrific artists who made Stuart Little, Deathtrap and The Member of the Wedding the great shows that they were. Please know how much we appreciate and value your talent, dedication and hard work.

--Phil Whiteway

Theatre Calendar - Oct 7 - 14, 2007

By Tuesday of this week, NINE of our TEN fall shows will have opened! Here are the highlights of the next seven days at Barksdale Theatre and Theatre IV.

Sunday, Oct 7:
in performance –
The Member of the Wedding (Willow Lawn – 2 pm)
Deathtrap (Hanover Tavern - 2 pm)
Stuart Little (Empire Theatre – 2 pm)

Monday, Oct 8:
in performance -
Hugs and Kisses (Richmond schools)
Jack and the Beanstalk (Orange schools)
Tales as Tall as the Sky (Wake County NC schools)
The True Story of Pocahontas (York schools)
in rehearsal -
Dinner Plans (Bifocals Theatre Project)
The Song of Mulan
meeting -
Fairy Tale Ball Committee

Tuesday, Oct 9:
in performance -
The Member of the Wedding (Willow Lawn – 10 am)
Deathtrap (Hanover Tavern – 7 pm)
Hugs and Kisses (Richmond schools)
Jack and the Beanstalk (Chesterfield schools)
The Song of Mulan (Charles City schools)
Tales as Tall as the Sky (Dinwiddie schools)
The True Story of Pocahontas (Clarke schools)
in rehearsal -
Dinner Plans (Bifocals Theatre Project)
meeting -
Brochure and Poster Design - Acts of Faith
speech -
Whiteway at Rotary Club of Richmond

Wednesday, Oct 10:
in performance -
The Member of the Wedding (Willow Lawn – 8 pm)
Stuart Little (Empire Theatre – 10:30 am)
Hugs and Kisses (Richmond schools)
Jack and the Beanstalk (Accomack schools)
The Legend of Sleepy Hollow (Ridgefield CT)
The Song of Mulan (Hanover schools)
Tales as Tall as the Sky (Nottoway schools)
The True Story of Pocahontas (Warrenton VA)
in rehearsal -
Dinner Plans (Bifocals Theatre Project)
meetings -
Set Design - The Little Dog Laughed
Alliance for the Performing Arts

Thursday, Oct 11:
in performance -
The Member of the Wedding (Willow Lawn – 8 pm)
Deathtrap (Hanover Tavern - 8 pm)
Stuart Little (Empire Theatre – 10:30 am)
Hugs and Kisses (Westmoreland schools)
Jack and the Beanstalk (Loudoun schools)
The Song of Mulan (Chesterfield schools)
Tales as Tall as the Sky (Isle of Wight schools)
The True Story of Pocahontas (Fairfax schools)
in rehearsal -
Dinner Plans (Bifocals Theatre Project)
meeting -
Virginians for the Arts

Friday, Oct 12:
in performance -
The Member of the Wedding (Willow Lawn – 8 pm)
Deathtrap (Hanover Tavern - 8 pm)
Stuart Little (Empire Theatre – 10:30 am and 7 pm)
Hugs and Kisses (Caroline schools)
Jack and the Beanstalk (York schools)
The Legend of Sleepy Hollow (Elmira NY)
Tales as Tall as the Sky (Hanover schools)
The True Story of Pocahontas (Rocky Mount NC)
in rehearsal -
Dinner Plans (Bifocals Theatre Project)
meeting -
Virginians for the Arts - Board of Directors

Saturday, Oct 13:
in performance -
The Member of the Wedding (Willow Lawn – 2 pm and 8 pm)
Deathtrap (Hanover Tavern - 8 pm)
Stuart Little (Empire Theatre – 10 am and 3 pm)
Jack and the Beanstalk (Onancock VA)
travel -
TES Theatre Weekend in New York

Sunday, Oct 14:
in performance –
The Member of the Wedding (Willow Lawn – 2 pm)
Deathtrap (Hanover Tavern - 2 pm)
Stuart Little (Empire Theatre – 2 pm)
The Song of Mulan (Greenville OH)
travel -
TES Theatre Weekend in New York

See you at the theatre!

1920s Playwright Believed in Herself - and Triumphed!

Posted by Bruce Miller

We’re excited about our wonderful production of The Member of the Wedding by Carson McCullers, playing through October 28 at Barksdale Willow Lawn. If you haven’t seen it, please come. We’re proud that it is the latest production in Barksdale’s ongoing Women’s Theatre Project.
In celebration, I’ve been researching the four remarkable women playwrights whose work made it onto Barksdale’s stage during our first decade (1953–1962). In past weeks I have profiled Nancy Mitford (see Barksdale’s First Woman Playwright – Nancy Mitford, Sept 6), Vera Caspary (see Femme Fatale / Femme Fantastique, Sept 10), and Mary Hayley Bell (see Foregoing Fame for Family, Sept 21).

Today I post the final entry in this series, as we re-discover the life and work of …

ANNE NICHOLS (1891 – 1966)

Anne Nichols was a one hit wonder. But what a hit it was. On May 23, 1922, the Broadway lights came up on Abie’s Irish Rose at the Fulton Theatre. Abie's is a whimsical family comedy about the tumult that arises among the in-laws when a stalwart Jewish American soldier and a lovely Irish American (Catholic) nurse meet and marry in France during WWI. It earned mixed reviews from the leading theatre critics of the time (Alexander Woollcott found it charming; Haywood Broun found it abominable). The public, however, seemed to be of one mind. They loved it. And I do mean LOVED it.

Abie’s Irish Rose ran on Broadway for 2,327 performances before closing on October 1, 1927, and remained the longest running play in Broadway history until its record was broken eleven years later by Tobacco Road. Today, Abie's is still the third longest running play, following Tobacco Road and Life with Father. Lorenz Hart immortalized the popularity of the show (and some sophisticates’ displeasure with that popularity) in this lyric from I’ll Take Manhattan:

“We’ll take our babies
To go see Abie’s
Irish Rose.
We hope they’ll live to see
It close.”
The Broadway hit launched 16 road companies that toured the U. S. The play was produced successfully around the world, including a musical version in Newfoundland (pictured above) and a hit production in Berlin, where it was closed only by the rising popularity of Adolf Hitler and his rabid anti-Semitism.

Abie’s was first filmed in the silent era (1928) directed by Victor Fleming (a character in our upcoming comedy about the making of Gone with the Wind - Moonlight and Magnolias), and filmed again as a talkie in 1946. It became a smash hit radio serial that ran for 2 ½ years on NBC in the pre-war 1940s, playing in over five million homes coast to coast each week. It was often referenced in the 50s and 60s by the Jewish/Irish, husband/wife comedy team of Jerry Stiller and Anne Meara. It provided the premise for the hit 1972 TV series Bridget Loves Bernie, starring Meredith Baxter and David Birney. Despite consistently placing in the Top Five in the Neilson ratings, Bridget Loves Bernie was cancelled in response to public protest over the subject matter of inter-faith marriage. Reality soon showed just how ludicrous the protest was. The Irish and Jewish actors, Baxter and Birney, married in real life soon after their TV show was cancelled.

Long before she was dubbed by Time Magazine as "the most successful business woman in the U. S.," Anne Nichols was born into a strict Baptist family of mixed ethnic heritage (Irish and Russian) in Dales Mill, Georgia in 1891. At age 16, she ran away to Philadelphia where she found work as a singer and writer for the theatre. In 1915 she married Henry Duffey, an Irish Catholic actor and producer, and later converted to Catholicism. She never changed her name, which was highly unusual for the time.

By the early 1920s, Nichols had written several successful plays and vaudeville sketches. Abie’s Irish Rose, she later recalled, took her “three hours” or “three days” to write, depending on which article you reference. It opened in San Francisco and then Los Angeles, and proved immensely popular. Eager to bring the show east to NYC, Nichols could not find a producer willing to back the play. Her California producer, Oliver Morosco, thought the play was not sophisticated enough for New York. New York producers didn’t believe there was an audience for so far-fetched a concept as an Irish-Jewish marriage.

Refusing to accept “no” for an answer, Nichols filed suit to take control of her play away from Morosco. She moved to New York, mortgaged her house to raise $5,000, and produced the Broadway production of the play herself. She even hired herself as director, and women directors were unheard of on Broadway in the 1920s.

The production opened at the Fulton Theatre on W 46th Street (pictured to the right, originally built as the Follies Bergere, now known as the Helen Hayes). Standing bravely in the heart of the Broadway theatre district, Abie's opened with everyone except Anne Nichols expecting disaster.

But disaster was not to happen. Abie’s represented classic vaudeville ethnic humor taken to a new level to reflect second and third generation concerns and aspirations of Irish and Jewish America. Abraham Levy (Abie) met Rosemary Murphy in a hospital in France during World War I. She was working at a field hospital as a nurse when he was admitted with wounds suffered while serving as a pilot in the Army Air Corps. Despite their religious differences, they fall in love and get married (by a Baptist minister).

When Abie brings Rosemary home to meet his father Solomon, a very traditional Jew eager to see his son marry within his faith, he introduces her as a “friend” named Rosemary Murpheski. The ruse does not last very long and Solomon eventually discovers the truth. To placate his father (a widower), Abie agrees to have a second wedding ceremony performed by a rabbi. Just as the ceremony is about to take place, Rosemary’s father (also a widower) arrives with Catholic priest (Father Whalen) in tow.

In an earlier era, a scene so fraught with tension and stock ethnic characters would have quickly disintegrated into a melee. (Decades later, such culture clash would result in the "very Richmond" pleasures of O'Briensteins. Remember?) But this was the 1920s and Anne Nichols was aiming her play at a middle-class American audience (Irish, Jewish, or otherwise) that frowned on intolerance. Broadway, in other words, was a long way from the Bowery and the scene is resolved amicably as the rabbi and priest recognize each other from their service in World War I. American patriotism and open mindedness win the day as they recount ministering to soldiers of all faiths.

“Shure they all had the same God above them,” observed Father Whalen. “And what with the shells bursting, and the shrapnel flying, with no one knowing just what moment death would come, Catholics, Hebrews and Protestants alike all forgot their prejudice and came to realize that all faiths and creeds have about the same destination after all.”

Even though Father Whalen performs a third wedding ceremony to make matters right in the eyes of the Catholic church, Abie and Rosemary remain at odds with their fathers until a Christmas dinner (with Kosher food for the Levys) at which the couple present their newborn twins – a girl named Rebecca (for Abie’s mother) and a boy named Patrick (for Rosemary’s father).

True to form, Abie’s was a big hit at Barksdale when Pete and Muriel selected it for their 1960 season, starring Joseph Lowenthal as Abie and Sandy Wade as Rosemary. Harold Goldman played Solomon Levy (the father), Bill Rothenberg played the Rabbi, and Louis Steinberg played the neighbor, Mr. Cohen. (Any relation, JB?)

Abie's opened shortly after the real life wedding of Pete Kilgore and Nancy Masters Kilgore, and almost immediately following the opening of Barksdale’s first Workshop Theatre, a tiny performance space carved out of the downstairs of the Annex. And what was the first production in Barksdale's new Workshop Theatre? The Diary of Anne Frank.

Anne Nichols made many millions by betting on herself and on the simple humanity of Abie’s Irish Rose. She died from a heart attack in Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, at the age of 75, never again writing anything to equal the mega-hit of her youth.

--Bruce Miller